Futures · Managing futures risk · lesson 2 of 9 · 6 min read · David Alexander
Sizing in whole contracts, when the increment is chunky
chunky sizing
The platform's sizing arithmetic - budget over per-contract risk, floored - on increments large enough that the floor routinely refuses a third of the budget or the whole of it. The refused fraction is the chunkiness: visible slack when partial, a verdict when total - and the micro contracts of module 3 are its priced relief, bought when the arithmetic says so.
Four tracks have run this division. Futures run it against the largest increments on the platform - and the floor stops being a footnote and becomes a feature of every size.
The division, and what the floor refuses
Work the example: budgets that compute to 2.5 or 3.75 contracts hold 2 or 3 - the refused fraction is risk the plan wanted and the increment denied. Under-budget is the safe direction, and the slack is real: a book of positions each sized 20% under budget is a book running materially below its intended risk, which compounds into under-participation the plan never chose. The honest ledger records both numbers - the computed and the held - because module 7 will want to know which risk the record actually describes.
When the floor says zero
- The commodities lesson stands: zero is an answer - a full-size contract whose per-contract risk exceeds the budget is a contract the account cannot honestly trade.
- The relief valve is priced: micros divide the increment - module 3's surcharge buys back the granularity, and the decision is the sizing arithmetic's, not preference's.
- The forbidden move is unchanged: widening the budget or shrinking the stop to make the contract fit is the sequence error every track has named - the stop belongs to the market, the budget to the plan, and the contract count is output, never input.
The two-number habit
Every futures size is two numbers: the division's answer and the floor's - and the gap between them is a standing input to instrument choice. Persistent large gaps across a plan's typical trades are the arithmetic voting for micros, whatever the cost ratio says; persistent zero-gaps at full size are the vote for the flagship's cheaper exposure. The sizing machinery, run honestly, chooses the contract variant by itself - which is the module 3 trade-off closed from the risk side, and one more decision the platform moves from preference to arithmetic.
Worked example
figures in USDA $100,000 account risking 1% on a domestic index future at $50 per point, stop 8 points away.
- The budget: 1% of $100,000 is $1,000. The stop: 8 points at $50 per point is $400 per contract.
- The division says 2.5 contracts; the floor says 2, carrying $800 - under budget by the fraction the increment refused.
- That refused fraction is the chunkiness: real slack in most sets, a full third of the budget in some. Micros shrink the increment where the gap matters - module 3 priced exactly that trade.
Check your understanding
Question 1 of 2
A budget computes to 2.5 contracts and holds 2. What must the record capture, and why?